Car
A car
(or automobile) is a wheeled motor vehicle used for transportation. Most
definitions of cars say that they run primarily on roads, seat one to eight
people, have four tires, and mainly transport people rather than goods.
Cars came into global use during the 20th
century, and developed economies depend on them. The year 1886 is regarded as
the birth year of the modern car when German inventor Karl Benz patented his
Benz Patent-Motorwagen . Cars became widely available in the early 20th
century. One of the first cars accessible to the masses was the 1908 Model T,
an American car manufactured by the Ford Motor Company. Cars were rapidly
adopted in the US, where they replaced animal-drawn carriages and carts, but
took much longer to be accepted in Western Europe and other parts of the world.
Cars have controls for driving, parking,
passenger comfort, and a variety of lights. Over the decades, additional
features and controls have been added to vehicles, making them progressively
more complex, but also more reliable and easier to operate. These include
rear-reversing cameras, air conditioning, navigation systems, and in-car
entertainment. Most cars in use in the 2010s are propelled by an internal
combustion engine, fueled by the combustion of fossil fuels. Electric cars,
which were invented early in the history of the car, became commercially
available in the 2000s and are predicted to cost less to buy than gasoline cars
before 2025.The transition from fossil fuels to electric cars holds a prominent
place in most climate change mitigation scenarios.
There are
costs and benefits to using the car. Costs to the individual include vehicle
acquisition, interest payments (if the car is financed), repairs and
maintenance, fuel, depreciation, driving time, parking fees, Taxes and
Insurance Costs to the company include road maintenance, land use, road
congestion, air pollution, public health, health care and end-of-life vehicle
disposal. Traffic collisions are the leading cause of injury-related deaths
worldwide.
Personal benefits include transportation on
demand, mobility, independence and convenience Benefits to society include
economic benefits, such as creating jobs and wealth from the automotive
industry, providing transportation, social welfare thanks to travel and leisure
opportunities and revenue generation from taxes. The ability of people to move
flexibly from one place to another has far-reaching implications for the nature
of societies. There are around 1 billion cars in use around the world.
The numbers are increasing rapidly, especially
in India and other newly industrialized countries.
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